The Simple VIN Hack to Avoid Buying a Stolen Car

When buying a used vehicle, one of the most important steps you can take is to check its Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). This unique 17-character code tells the story of a vehicle—from where it was made to its ownership history—and can help you avoid costly mistakes. Understanding what a VIN is, how it works, and why it matters can protect you from falling victim to vehicle sales fraud.

What is a VIN?

A VIN is a unique code assigned to every motor vehicle at the time of manufacture. Think of it as the vehicle’s fingerprint—no two VINs are the same. It consists of 17 characters, each providing specific information about the vehicle, such as these details:

• Country of origin
• Manufacturer
• Make, model, and body style
• Engine size and type
• Year of manufacture
• Serial number

VINs are typically found on the dashboard on the driver’s side of the windshield. A federal certification label for vehicles manufactured in North America, also displaying the vehicle’s VIN, can be found on the driver’s side door frame, and on the vehicle’s ownership and insurance documents.

How Does a VIN Reveal a Vehicle’s History?

A VIN is a gateway to the vehicle’s history. By using a VIN lookup service or vehicle history report from providers such as CARFAX or VIN Verify, you can discover key details:

• Accident history – Was the vehicle involved in a collision?
• Previous owners – How many people have owned it, and where?
• Service records – Has it been properly maintained?
• Recalls – Are there unresolved safety recalls for the vehicle?
• Liens – Are there any unpaid debts tied to the vehicle?

These insights help buyers make informed decisions and avoid buying a car with hidden issues.

What is Re-VINning?

Re-VINning is a form of vehicle fraud where criminals illegally alter or replace a vehicle’s original VIN with a counterfeit one. This crime is often committed to disguise the true identity of a stolen vehicle, or hide its past as a total loss or salvage. “Re-VINning makes it seem like the vehicle has a ’clean‘ history, tricking unsuspecting buyers into paying full market value for a vehicle that’s worth far less or, worse, could be seized if identified as stolen property.” Advises Sam Cosentino, OMVIC’s director of enforcement.

Why Checking a VIN is Essential When Buying a Used Vehicle

Purchasing a used vehicle without verifying its VIN history can leave you vulnerable to several risks:

1. Stolen Vehicle
   1. If you unknowingly buy a stolen vehicle, you could lose both the car and the money you paid for it. Once police identify the stolen vehicle, it’s returned to its rightful owner.
2. Rebuilt Wreck
   1. Vehicles that were once deemed “totaled” but later rebuilt are often worth less than undamaged cars. If the VIN has been tampered with, you may not see this crucial part of its history.
3. Outstanding Liens
   1. If a previous owner has not paid off a loan tied to the vehicle, the lender may have the legal right to repossess it—even after you’ve purchased it.

How to Protect Yourself from Vehicle Sales Fraud

1. Check the VIN in Multiple Locations
   1. Ensure the VIN on the dashboard, driver’s side door, and ownership documents all match. If they don’t, it’s a red flag.
2. Use a Reputable VIN Lookup Service
   1. Check the vehicle’s history using services like CARFAX or VIN Verify.
3. Buy from a Registered Dealer
   1. In Ontario, registered dealers must adhere to the Motor Vehicle Dealers Act (MVDA) and are legally required to disclose the full history of the vehicle, including previous use, prior damage, and any liens.
4. Avoid Curbsiders (Illegal Sellers)
   1. Curbsiders are unlicensed sellers posing as private sellers. They often engage in re-VINning and other forms of fraud. Always verify the seller’s identity and be cautious when buying through online marketplaces.

“Organized crime continues to use vehicle crime as a funding mechanism for their illegal operations which puts public safety and consumer protection at risk. Équité’s partnership with OMVIC helps to identify re-VINed vehicles in Ontario. Additionally, our collaborative public awareness assists buyers to make informed decisions about their vehicle purchase to identify possible fraud and avoid becoming victims. Équité, on behalf of the insurance industry, is working to identify and prevent criminals from illegally re-VINing vehicles for financial gain,” says Bryan Gast, VP investigative services at Équité Association.

OMVIC is Here to Help

The Ontario Motor Vehicle Industry Council (OMVIC) is Ontario’s vehicle sales regulator, protecting car buyers and ensuring fair and transparent transactions. If you’re concerned about a vehicle’s history or suspect re-VINning, OMVIC’s Complaints and Inquiries Department can offer guidance. You can also file a complaint if you suspect you purchased a motor vehicle from an illegal motor vehicle dealer (curbsider) or have information about unregistered motor vehicle sales by calling 1-888-NO-CURBS or emailing nocurbs@omvic.on.ca.

Bottom Line

Before purchasing a used vehicle, take the time to check its VIN. This simple step can protect you from buying a stolen car, a rebuilt wreck, or a vehicle with unpaid debts. Use reputable VIN lookup services, buy from registered dealers, and be cautious should you choose to buy privately. Be sure to contact OMVIC for guidance and consumer protection resources before you complete the transaction.